Thanks! I made this video and I'll try to answer your questions.
Measurements are mounting hole centre to centre, axle centre to centre, and mounting hole to axle centre to centre.
Always centre to centre.
But it doesn't make much difference how you measure it, as long as you measure the same way every time. A setup with a half inch bigger wheelbase will still show half inch bigger no matter how you measure the before and after, as long as you do it the same way both times.
As for the Royal Lows - I think Royal are a cool company and I wanted them in the video. None of their products are stocked locally so the only way I could cheaply get a pair in the video was by asking friends. Having a discontinued truck in the list doesn't lower the quality of the information pool, you can just ignore it and the rest of the data is still valid and usable so I made the choice to include them.
The Thunder size/hanger height issue was something I didn't know about until some comments came in which was good - I like to learn and that means having my mistakes pointed out sometimes. Maybe I'll scan the Thunder Inverted 149 and see how it looks - honestly I'm expecting similar below average clearance but I'm open to being surprised.
I love having all that data at my fingertips though. Who would have thought an Ace AF1 low with a conventional kingpin would have more clearance than a Slappy?
That's me jumping on things and typing faster than my words sometimes come out, but for a few more bits of info:
Ace are the only brand to have the same height hangers, but then the low truck has a much lower baseplate and way lower kingpin than the regular Ace baseplate and kingpin, although the bolts area of the baseplates are still the same height, if that makes sense.
As I had said in comments, re Thunder have lower hangers in 143, 145 and 147, then medium height in 148, 149 and 151, then taller again in 161 sizes. Putting any 147s on any baseplate is still going to make kingpin clearance minimal, whereas putting 148 or higher on any baseplate will raise the hanger up significantly more, especially the inverted, as I would usually never really ride Thunder due to the lack of kingpin clearance previously, but have been enjoying having no kingpin touch on anything more recently. Make sure to get the kingpin down into the baseplate sufficiently though - having it not done up, the kingpin is going to sit very high, so that alone from what we have talked about above, can change data a fair bit.
For most of my own setups, I have used lower head bushings, to get the kingpin nut down lower again and then angle grind down the kingpin heads on regular trucks, so I have almost "excessive" clearance on some of my trucks, but in also measuring the kingpin heights on trucks, that will also give some insight into overall clearance.
Most kingpins are around 35 mm tall, from the baseplate, including Indy, Venture and Thunder, with Slappy having a 33 mm tall kingpin, Ace having 37 to 38 mm tall kingpins on their regular trucks, Indy Stage 4 having 36 mm and 215s having 38 mm tall kingpins. I haven't seen an Ace low baseplate in person, so taking the hanger and bushings off and measuring that kingpin height would be good to get that figure.
For reference, most of my modified kingpins are down around 33 and some even lower at 32 mm from the baseplate, so almost any hanger, even the Indy low hangers, fit nicely on there.
An old Indy low set of trucks comes in at 32 mm kingpin too, with their lower bushings, but as the hanger is so much lower, there is still not a lot of clearance.
Lots of info - too much maybe? Never for people who ride and work with skateboards to such an extent.